磁流变动压复合抛光基本原理及力学特性

目的探究磁流变动压复合抛光基本原理及抛光力学特性。方法通过建立磁流变动压复合抛光过程中流体动压数学模型,分析抛光盘面结构化单元对抛光力学特性的影响规律,并优化其结构。搭建磁流变动压复合抛光测力系统,探究工作间隙、抛光盘转速、工件盘转速和凸轮转速对抛光力的影响规律,基于正交试验,优化抛光效果。结果抛光盘面结构化单元的楔形区利于流体动压效应的产生,且流体动压随楔形角和工作间隙的增大而减少,随楔形区宽度的增大而增大。结构化单元较为合理的几何参数为:楔形角3°~5°,工作间隙0.2~1.0 mm,楔形区宽度15~30 mm。法向力Fn随工作间隙的增大而减小,随工件盘转速的增大而增大,随抛光盘和凸轮转速的增大而先增大后减小;剪切力Ft随工作间隙的增大而减小,随工件盘、抛光盘和凸轮转速的增大均呈现先增大后减小的规律。通过正交试验获得优化工艺参数为:抛光盘转速60 r/min,工件盘转速600 r/min,凸轮转速150 r/min。在羰基铁粉(粒径3μm、质量分数35%)、SiC磨料(粒径3μm、质量分数5%)、工作间隙0.4 mm和磁感应强度0.1 T工况下,抛光2 in单晶硅基片4 h后,表面粗糙度Ra由20.11 nm降至2.36 nm,材料去除率为5.1 mg/h,初始大尺度纹理被显著去除。结论磁流变动压复合抛光通过在抛光盘面增设结构化单元,以引入流体动压效应,强化了抛光力学特性,并利用径向往复运动的动态磁场实现柔性抛光头的更新和整形,最终达到了提高抛光效率和质量的目的。     

Identification of a new oxidation/ dissolution mechanism for boria-accelerated SiC oxidation

Boria effects on accelerated SiC oxidation kinetics were investigated by conducting thermogravimetric analysis on SiC substrates coated with sol-gel derived borosilicate glass isothermally exposed to dry O₂ and argon at 800°C and 1200°C for 100 hours. Boria concentrations in the glass coatings were 0, 14-38, and 92-94 mol%, balance silica. Accelerated weight gain was observed for SiC exposures in dry O₂ at 800°C when boria concentrations were ≥ 92 mol%, corroborated by oxide thickness ranging from 3.5 to 10 µm. The oxide thickness predicted for pure SiC exposed to these conditions in the absence of boria is 0.15 µm. Microstructural analysis of SiC surfaces after oxide removal revealed that boria etched the underlying SiC substrate. Oxidation exposures at 1200°C in dry O₂ suppressed boria effects on accelerating SiC oxidation kinetics due to rapid boria volatilization coupled with the formation of a protective thermally grown silica scale. Accelerated weight gain or oxide growth did not occur with argon exposures at either temperature. A new mechanism for boria-accelerated SiC surface-reaction kinetics is presented based on evidence for boria etching of SiC.     

Improved thermal conductivity of β-Si3N4 ceramics by lowering SiO2/Y2O3 ratio using YH2 as sintering additive

A two-step sintering process was conducted to produce β-Si₃N₄ ceramics with high thermal conductivity. During the first step, native SiO₂ was eliminated, and Y₂O₃ was in situ generated by a metal hydride reduction process, resulting in a high Y₂O₃/SiO₂ ratio. The substitution YH₂ for Y₂O₃ endow Si₃N₄ ceramics with an increase of 29% in thermal conductivity from 95.3 to 123 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ after sintered at 1900°C for 12 hours despite an inferior sinterability. This was primarily attributed to the purified enlarged grains, devitrified grain boundary phase, and reduced lattice oxygen content in the YH₂-MgO-doped material.     

SiOC modified carbon-bonded carbon fiber composite with SiC nanowires enhanced interfibrous junctions

Carbon-bonded carbon fiber (CBCF) composites are promising lightweight and high efficient thermal insulators to be applied in aerospace area, but their practical applications are usually restricted by the low mechanical performance and poor oxidation resistance. To overcome these drawbacks, many efforts have been made in the fabrication of ceramic coated CBCF composites. However, the densities of these modified composites are usually very high, which would result in the reduction in their thermal insulation performance. Herein, we prepared a CBCF composite with SiC nanowires enhanced interfibrous junctions and SiOC ceramic coated carbon fibers (SiCNWs-SiOC-CBCF). Similar to CBCF, the SiCNWs-SiOC-CBCF exhibits a low density of 0.35 g/cm³ and an anisotropic and highly porous architecture. The SiCNWs-SiOC-CBCF possesses a compressive strength of 3.8 MPa and a compression modulus of 195.7 MPa in the X (or Y) direction, ~26.7% and 150% higher than those of CBCF respectively. It can also suffer from an isothermal treatment in air at 900°C for 120 minutes. The combination of these properties makes the SiCNWs-SiOC-CBCF a good candidate for thermal insulator to be applied in extreme conditions.     

高铬含量Fe-Cr合金800℃的循环和恒温高温氧化行为

研究了高铬含量的Fe-20Cr、Fe-30Cr和Fe-40Cr三种合金在800℃,空气中的循环氧化行为和0.1 MPa纯氧气中的恒温氧化行为。三种合金在循环氧化条件下的氧化动力学均不规则,随着Cr含量的增加,其抗氧化性能逐渐增强。24 h氧化后,Fe-20Cr单位面积增质最大,其值为2.21×10^-2 mg/(cm^2·h),Fe-40Cr单位面积增质最小,其值为1.45×10^-2mg/(cm^2·h)。结果表明:三种合金的恒温氧化动力学曲线均可分为暂态氧化和稳态氧化两个阶段,每个阶段都能较好地符合抛物线规律。总体上来说,恒温条件下三种合金都具有优异的抗高温氧化性能,其24 h单位面积氧化增质比循环氧化下降了将近一个数量级。但随着Cr含量的增加,三种合金抗氧化性能逐渐下降,Fe-20Cr反而具有最佳的抗氧化性能。在循环和恒温氧化条件下,三种Fe-Cr合金均生成了单一的保护性Cr2O3外氧化膜。     

Wetting behavior and brazing of titanium-coated SiC ceramics using Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu filler

By coating active titanium, Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu (SAC) filler wetted SiC effectively, as the contact angle decreased significantly from ~145° to ~10°. Ti₃SiC₂ and TiO_x (x ≤ 1) reaction layers were formed at the droplet/SiC interface, leading to the reduction of contact angle. Reliable brazing of SiC was achieved using titanium deposition at 900°C for 10 minutes, and the typical interfacial microstructure of Ti-coated SiC/SAC was SiC/TiO_x + Ti₃SiC₂/Sn(s,s). Comparing to direct brazing, Ti–Sn compounds in the brazing seam were effectively reduced and the mechanical property of joints was dramatically improved by titanium coating. The optimal average shear strength of SiC joints reached 25.3 MPa using titanium coating- assisted brazing, which was ∼62% higher than that of SiC brazed joints using SAC-Ti filler directly.     

射频法原油含水率频率参数优化

根据电磁场相关理论研究、水和油两种介质的介电常数差异性较大以及在不同频率下含水率的特性来进行参数优化与设计,选择最优参数来提高含水率测量范围。对不同频率测量下含水率测量的大量实验,可以得出在含水率0%～100%范围内测量下,20MHz频率下幅度的曲线线性度较好,实现参数优化与设计。     

高导热高介电BT/SiC/PA6复合材料的制备及性能研究

以聚酰胺(PA6)为基体,氮化硅(SiC)为导热填料,钛酸钡(BT)为介电填料,通过热压法制备出系列复合材料;研究了不同粒径填料的搭配对材料导热与介电性能的影响。结果表明:在填充量较低时,使用混合粒径导热填料能产生一定的级配效应,从而提高复合材料的导热性能。总填充量为26%时,以4∶1的比例,用粒径为0.5~0.7μm和3μm的SiC共同填充PA6,制备获得了最高导热系数为0.9198W/(m·K)的复合材料,而不同粒径、不同功能的混合功能填料还能产生协同效应,进一步提升材料的导热性能并使材料同时获得较好的介电性能,当SiC填充量为20%,BT填充量为20%时,复合材料的导热系数达到1.1110W/(m·K),介电常数到达16(100Hz),损耗保持在0.075(100Hz)左右。     

沿海地区紫菜中总砷含量及砷形态分析

建立高效液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱(HPLC-HG-AFS)联用法分析紫菜中4种砷的形态。在优化仪器参数的基础上,采用正交试验法分析样品前处理中的酸浓度、萃取温度和超声时间对砷提取量的影响。当硝酸浓度0.15 mol/L、萃取温度80℃、超声时间1 h时,萃取效果最佳。对低、中、高3个水平进行方法验证,砷形态的回收率为84.0%~113.6%,精密度为1.3%~4.6%,结果显示,沿海地区的紫菜产品中总砷含量高,但有毒砷占比小。方法快速高效,可用于测定紫菜中砷形态的含量。     

《电子显微分析》课程教学内容及方法研究

《电子显微分析》课程是目前高校材料类和生命科学类专业一门重要的专业选修课。根据《电子显微分析》课程特点，剖析了该课程的教学现状以及存在的问题。针对这些问题，在教学内容的设定、教学方式的调整及实践性教学的考核等方面做了一些思考。